Publications

PUBLICATIONS

Original Reports
Reviews and Book Chapters
Miscellaneous Publications
Published Abstracts

Moran, DT, Rowley, JC, Zill, SN and Varela, F (1976) The mechanism of sensory transduction in a mechanoreceptor. Functional stages in campaniform sensilla during the moulting cycle. J Cell Biol 71:832‑847

Zill, SN, Underwood, MA, Rowley, JC and Moran, DT (1980) A somatotopic organization of groups of afferents in insect peripheral nerves. Brain Res 198:253‑269

Zill, SN and Moran, DT (1981) The exoskeleton and insect proprioception. I. Responses of tibial campaniform sensilla to external and muscle regenerated forces in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. J Exp Biol 91:1‑24

Zill SN, Moran DT and Varela FG (1981) The exoskeleton and insect proprioception. II. Activity of tibial campaniform sensilla in the American cockroach Periplaneta americana. J Exp Biol 94:43‑55

Zill SN and Moran DT (1981) The exoskeleton and insect proprioception. III. Activity of tibial campaniform sensilla during walking in the American cockroach Periplaneta americana. J Exp Biol 94:57‑75

Zill SN and Moran DT (1982) Suppression of reflex postural tonus: A role of peripheral inhibition in insects. Science 216:751‑752

Zill SN and Forman RR (1983) Proprioceptive reflexes change when an insect assumes an active, learned posture. J Exp Biol 107:385‑390

Forman RR and Zill SN (1984) Leg position learning by an insect. II. Motor strategies underlying learned leg extension. J Neurobiol 15:221‑237

Zill SN, Libersat F and Clarac F (1985) Single unit recordings of sensory activity in free walking crabs: force sensitive mechanoreceptors of the dactyl. Brain Res 336:337‑ 341

Zill SN (1985a) Plasticity and proprioception in insects. I. Responses and cellular properties of individual receptors of the locust metathoracic femoral chordotonal organ. J Exp Biol 116:435‑461

Zill SN (1985b) Plasticity and proprioception in insects. II. Modes of reflex action of the locust metathoracic femoral chordotonal organ. J Exp Biol 116:463‑480

Zill SN (1986) A model of pattern generation of cockroach walking reconsidered. J Neurobiol 17:317‑328

Libersat F, Zill SN and Clarac F (1987) Single‑unit responses and reflex effects of force‑sensitive mechanoreceptors of the dactyl of the crab. J Neurophysiol 57:1601‑1617

Libersat F, Clarac F and Zill SN (1987) Force‑sensitive mechanoreceptors of the dactyl of the crab: single‑unit responses during walking and evaluation of function. J Neurophysiol 57:1618‑1637

Zill SN (1987) Selective mechanical stimulation of an identified proprioceptor in freely moving locusts: role of resistance reflexes in active posture. Brain Res417:195‑198

Zill SN and Jepson‑Innes KA (1988) Evolutionary adaptation of a reflex system: sensory hysteresis counters muscle 'catch' tension. J Comp Physiol A 164:43‑48

Zill S N and Jepson‑Innes KA (1990) Functions of a proprioceptive sense organ in freely moving insects: characteristics of reflexes elicited by stimulation of the locust metathoracic femoral chordotonal organ. Brain Res 523:211-218

Zill S N and Frazier S F (1990) Responses of locusts in a paradigm which tests postural load compensatory reactions. Brain Res 535:1-8

Zill SN, Frazier SF, Lankenau J and Jepson‑Innes KA (1992) Characteristics of dynamic postural reactions in the locust hindleg. J Comp Physiol A 170: 761-772

Zill SN, Frazier SF, MacFarland DL and Fish SE (1993) Characterization of insect sense organs and optical clearing of whole mount preparations using diI in fixed tissues. J Exp Biol 175:299-303

Larsen GS, Frazier SF, Fish SE and Zill S N (1995) Effects of load inversion in cockroach walking. J Comp Physiol A 176: 229-238

Zill SN and Seyfarth E-A (1996) Exoskeletal sensors for walking. Scientific American 275:70-74

Larsen GS, Frazier SF and Zill SN (1997) The tarso-pretarsal chordotonal organ as an element in cockroach walking. J Comp Physiol A 180:683-700

Ridgel A, DiCaprio R, Frazier S, and Zill S (1999) Active signaling of leg loading and unloading in the cockroach. J Neurophysiol 81:1432-1437

Zill SN, Ridgel AL, DiCaprio RA and Frazier SF (1999) Load signalling by cockroach trochanteral campaniform sensilla. Brain Res 822:271-275

Frazier S, Larsen G, Neff D, Quimby L, Carney M, DiCaprio R and Zill S (1999) Elasticity and movements of the cockroach tarsus in walking. J Comp Physiol A 185:157-172

Ramasubramanian S, Flannigan WC, Nelson G, Quinn R and Zill SN (1999) Modeling of load sensing during the stance phase of cockroach walking. In Climbing and Walking Robots. Eds: Virk, GS, Randall, M and Howard, D. Univ. of Portsmouth, Professional, Engineering Publishing Ltd, London. Pp. 17-28

Ritzmann RA, Quinn RD, Watson JT and Zill SN (2000) Insect walking and bio-robotics: a relationship with mutual benefits. Bioscience 50:23-33

Ridgel AL, Frazier SF, DiCaprio RA and Zill SN (2000) Encoding of forces by cockroach tibial campaniform sensilla: implications in dynamic control of posture and locomotion. J Comp Physiol A 186:359-374

Zill SN, Frazier SF, Neff D, Quimby L, Carney M, DiCaprio R, Thuma J and Norton M (2000) Three dimensional graphic reconstruction of the insect exoskeleton through confocal imaging of endogenous fluorescence. Microscopy Res Tech 48:367-384

Neff D, Frazier SF, Quimby L, Wang R and Zill S (2000) Identification of resilin in the leg of the cockroach: confirmation by a simple method using pH dependence of UV fluorescence. Arthropod Struct and Dev 29:75-83

Ridgel AL, Frazier SF and Zill SN (2001) Dynamic responses of tibial campaniform sensilla studied by substrate displacement in freely moving cockroaches. J Comp Physiol A 187:405-420

Kaliyamoorthy S, Zill SN, Quinn RD, Ritzmann RE and Choi J (2001) Finite Element Analysis of strains in the Blaberus cockroach leg segment while climbing. Intelligent Robots and Systems IEEE/RSJ Proceedings 2:833-838

Noah JA, Quimby L, Frazier SF and Zill SN (2001) Force receptors in cockroach walking reconsidered: discharges of proximal tibial campaniform sensilla when body load is altered. J Comp Physiol A 187:769-784

Watson JT, Ritzmann RE, Zill SN and Pollack AJ (2002) Control of obstacle climbing in the cockroach, Blaberus discoidalis. I. Kinematics. J Comp Physiol A 188:39-53

Ridgel AL, Frazier SF and Zill SN (2003) Post-embryonic development of cuticular caps of campaniform sensilla of the cockroach leg: potential implications in scaling force detection. Arthropod Struct and Dev 32:167-173

Kaliyamoorthy S, Zill SN, Quinn RD (2003) Roles of force sensors in hexapod locomotion. In Climbing and Walking Robots. Eds: Virk, GS, Randall, M and Howard, D. Univ. of Portsmouth, Professional, Engineering Publishing Ltd., London.

Noah JA, Quimby L, Frazier SF and Zill SN (2004) Sensing the effect of body load in legs: responses of tibial campaniform sensilla to forces applied to the thorax in freely standing cockroaches J Comp Physiol A 190:201-215

Noah JA, Quimby L, Frazier SF and Zill SN (2004) Walking on a ‘peg leg’: extensor muscle activities and sensory feedback after distal leg denervation in cockroaches J Comp Physiol A 190:217-231

Kaliyamoorthy S, Zill SN, Quinn RD (2005) Force sensors in hexapod locomotion. Int J Robotics Res 24: 563-574

Quimby L, Amer A and Zill, SN (2006) Common motor mechanisms support body weight in serially homologous legs of cockroaches in posture and locomotion. J Comp Physiol A (in press)

REVIEWS AND BOOK CHAPTERS

Zill SN (1985) Proprioceptive feedback and the control of cockroach walking. pp. 187‑208. in: Feedback and Motor Control in Invertebrates and Vertebrates, ed. Barnes, WJP and Gladden, MH, Croom Helm, London

Zill SN (1990) Mechanoreceptors and proprioceptors. pp. 247‑ 267, Vol. II in: Cockroaches as Models for Neurobiology: Applications in Biomedical Research. Huber I, Masler, E P and Rao, B R, eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida

Zill SN (1993) Mechanisms of load compensation in insects: swaying and stepping strategies in posture and locomotion. pp. 43-68 in Biological Neural Networks in Invertebrate Neuroethology and Robotics. Beer, R, Ritzmann, R and McKenna, T eds. Academic Press, San Diego, California.

Ritzmann RE and Zill SN (2003) Insect walking and running. In: The Encyclopedia of Insects. Carde RT, Resh VH. Academic Press, San Diego, California.

Zill S, Schmitz J, Büschges A (2004) Load sensing and control of posture and locomotion. Arthropod Struct and Dev 33:273-286 (Special Issue: Arthropod Locomotion Systems: from Biological Materials and Systems to Robotics, RE Ritzmann, SN Gorb and RD Quinn, eds.)

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS

Zill SN (1997) Nerve cells with names. Science. 276:541-542.

PUBLISHED ABSTRACTS

Zill SN, Varela FG and Moran DT (1977) Modulation of locomotor activity by adjacent campaniform sensilla varies with sensillum orientation. Neurosci Abstracts 3, p 191

Zill, SN and Moran, D T (1978) Do insect muscle cells serve as sensory‑motor integrators? Neurosci Abstracts 4, p 308

Zill, SN, Underwood, MA, Rowley, JC and Moran, DT (1979) An orderly projection of afferents in insect peripheral nerves. Neurosci Abstracts 5, p 266

Zill, SN (1981) Central modulation of reflex effects of the locust metathoracic femoral chordotonal organ. Neurosci Abstracts 7, p 252

Forman, RR and Zill, SN (1981) Use of learning paradigm to define behavioral state in an insect. Neurosci Abstracts 7, p 643

Zill, SN (1984) Reflex effects of an insect proprioceptor change during periods of active searching movements. Neurosci Abstracts 10 (part 2), p 803

Zill, SN (1985) A model of pattern generation of insect walking reconsidered. Neurosci Abstracts 11, Part 2, p 1021

Clarac, F, Libersat, F and Zill, SN (1985) Single mechanoreceptor afferent units firing during locomotion in the shore crab (Carcinus maenas). J Physiol 265:25P

Zill, SN (1986) An identified locust proprioceptor mediates load‑compensation: evidence from selective sensory stimulation in freely moving animals. Neurosci Abstracts 12, Part 2, p 1299

Zill, SN and Jepson, KA (1987) Locusts load compensate using several discrete motor strategies that can be elicited, in part, by stimulation of a single sense organ. Neurosci Abstracts 13, Part 2, p 875

Zill, S N (1988) Local circuit control of load compensatory reactions in locusts. Neurosci Abstracts 14, Part 1, p 63

Zill, S N, Frazier, S F and Fish, SE (1989) Fixed patterns of activity in motoneurons and interneurons in load compensatory reactions of locusts. Neurosci Abstracts 15, Part 1, p 55

Zill, S N and Frazier, S F (1990) Range fractionation in responses of spiking interneurons that detect joint movement in locusts. Neurosci Abstracts 16, Part 1, p 117

MacFarland, D L, Frazier, S F, Fish, S E and Zill, S N (1991) An extended map of sense organs of the cockroach leg obtained by applying DiI to fixed tissues. Neurosci Abstracts 17, Part 1, p 638

Zill, S N and Frazier, S F (1991) Proprioceptive inputs and inherent muscle tensions contribute to load compensatory reactions in locusts. Neurosci Abstracts 17, Part 1, p 638

Larsen, G S, Frazier, S F and Zill, S N (1992) Effects of mechanical perturbations during cockroach walking. Proc of the Third International Congress of Neuroethology, number 253

Larsen, G S, Frazier, S F and Zill, S N (1993) Strolling on the ceiling: Effects of load inversion on cockroach walking. Neurosci Abstracts 19, Part 2, p 1601

Larsen, G S, Frazier, S F and Zill S N (1994) Activities of tarsal afferents in freely walking cockroaches. Neurosci Abstracts 20, Part 2, p 1594

Zill, S N Fish, S E and Frazier, S F (1995) Knowing you have a leg to stand on: effects of trochanteral campaniform sensilla in cockroach walking. Neurosci Abstracts 21, Part 1, p

Zill, S N, DiCaprio, R A and Frazier, S F (1996) Leg design and response specificity of cuticular strain detectors. Neurosci Abstracts 22, Part 2, p 1077

Ridgel, A L, Frazier, S F, Quimby, L A and Zill, S N (1997) Functional correlates of anatomy and development of a force sensing array. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 23, part 1, p 480

DiCaprio, R A, Ridgel, A L, Frazier, S F and Zill, S N (1997) Measuring forces in an insect leg. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 23, part 1, p 480

Watson, J T, Tryba, A K, Ritzmann, R E and Zill, S N (1997) Coordination of leg joints during complex locomotion in the cockroach. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 23, part 1, p 767

Ridgel, A, DiCaprio, R, Frazier, S, and Zill, S (1998) Campaniform sensilla respond to decreases in tensions and increases in compressions: a form of ‘anticipatory’ signalling in posture and locomotion? Proc of the Fifth International Congress of Neuroethology, number 114

DiCaprio, RA, Ridgel, AL and Zill, SN (1998) Modeling detection of changing forces in an insect leg: white noise analysis of cockroach tibial campaniform sensilla. Proc of the Fifth International Congress of Neuroethology, number 115

Watson, JT, Pollack, AJ, Zill, SN and Ritzman, RE (1998) Kinematics and leg muscle activity in cockroaches climbing over obstacles. Proc of the Fifth International Congress of Neuroethology, number 227

Flanningan, WC, Quinn, RD and Zill, SN (1998) Finite element analysis of strain distribution and encoding of forces in an insect leg. Proc of the Fifth International Congress of Neuroethology, number 228

Frazier, S, Larsen, G, Neff, D, Quimby, L, DiCaprio, R, Carney, M and Zill, S (1998) Having a spring in your step: elasticity and movements of the cockroach tarsus in walking. Proc of the Fifth International Congress of Neuroethology, number 229

Birch, MC, Quinn, RD, Zill, SN and Ritzmann, RE (1998) A model cockroach leg for sensori-motor studies. Proc of the Fifth International Congress of Neuroethology, number 230

Ridgel, AL, Frazier, SF and Zill, SN (1999) Sensory and motor activities during postural load compensatory reactions in the cockroach. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 25, part 1, p 364

Noah, JA, Frazier, SF and Zill SN (1999) What sensory inputs are necessary for walking? Evidence from a new pegleg paradigm. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 25, part 1, p 364

Ramasubramanian, S, Zill SN, Nelson, GM and Quinn, RD (1999) Modeling of strains in the cockroach prothoracic leg trochanter and activation patterns of campaniform sensilla. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 25, part 1, p 363

Ridgel, AL, Frazier, SF and Zill SN (2000) Effects of cockroach force receptors in freely moving animals: dynamic signals of leg loading during walking and climbing. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 26, part 2, p 1724

Noah, J, Ridgel, A, Frazier, SF and Zill, SN (2000) Load signalling and the rules of leg coordination in cockroaches. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 26, part 2, p 1724

Neff, D, Quimby, L, Frazier, SF, Wang, R and Zill, SN (2000) Elasticity, mobility and adaptable locomotion: structure and function of resilin in insect legs. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 26, part 2, p 1724

Bachmann, RJ, Birch, MC, Laksanacharoen, S, Nelson, GM, Quinn, RD, Pollack AJ, Ritzmann, RE and Zill, SN (2000) Development of hexapod robots based upon insect leg design and dynamics. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 26, part 2, p 1724

Noah, JA, Quimby, L, Frazier, SF and Zill, SN (2001) Force receptors in cockroach walking reconsidered: discharges of proximal tibial campaniform sensilla when body load is altered. Proc of the Sixth International Congress of Neuroethology, number 268

Zill, SN, Noah, JA, Quimby, L, Ridgel, A, Neff, D, Frazier, SF and Harshbarger, D (2001) Let it swing: signals of decreasing force and the cascade of events accompanying leg lifting in cockroaches. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 27, program no 518.13.

Kaliyamoorthy, S, Zill, S, Ritzmann, RE, Choi, J, and Quinn, RD. (2001) Finite element analysis of exoskeletal strains and discharges of force receptors during walking and climbing. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 27, program no. 518.12

JA Noah, L Quimby and SN Zill (2002) Integration of effects of load in pattern generation of insect walking. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 28, program no. 465.7.

SN Zill, JA Noah and L Quimby (2002) Adaptation of insect walking to increases in load: sensory signals in freely moving animals. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 28, program no. 465.6.

SN Zill, JA Noah and L Quimby (2003) Serial homology and load compensation: common sensory-motor mechanisms in cockroach front and hindlegs. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 29, program no. 606.8.

L Quimby and SN Zill (2004) Tuning posture and locomotion to body load: Common mechanisms of load sensing and secrete changes in motor activities in walking in cockroaches. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 30, program no. 658.13.

Quimby, L, Amer, AS and Zill, SN (2005) Effects of increased body load in cockroach walking and running. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts 31, program no. 54.18.